civil society
US /ˈsɪvəl səˈsaɪɪti/
・UK /ˈsivl səˈsaiəti/
C1 上級
n. (c./u.)名詞 (可算/不可算)市民社会
Civil society plays a crucial role in promoting democracy and holding governments accountable.
動画字幕
中国がインドの裏庭でインドに勝つ方法 (How China is Beating India in Its Own Backyard)
- If you open a map that tracks ships, zoom in on the Indian Ocean, then turn on live tracking... ...the vital arteries of global commerce become obvious Without access to it, trade between Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia... ...would basically grind to a halt These are the choke points, the critical passages that fuel the world economy For India, they're non-negotiable, carrying almost all its trade and energy Since the Indian Ocean is named after India, it is quite integral to India's worldview But it's also important to another giant China is pouring billions into ports, infrastructure and naval expansion And that has India alarmed China is not violating any international rules And China is not infringing upon India's interests Therefore, they have to change their mentality What were once obscure specks in the vast Indian Ocean... ...are now the silent targets in a looming struggle One that could choke global trade and tilt the balance of power There's increased competition between the US and China... ...between China and India as well, vying for influence within that President Donald Trump's shift in foreign policy... ...has cast uncertainty on the US's role in the region I will put America first And open doors for China At the centre of it all are tiny countries like Mauritius... ...which find themselves courted by powers that might once have overlooked them Mauritius is known for its beautiful white sand beaches, the lagoon... ...the great five-star hotels and the hospitality of Mauritians But it's more than that Mauritius controls 2.3 million kilometres... ...of economic exclusive zone in the Indian Ocean It sits in the middle of the maritime trade So it shows how strategic, important Mauritius is Its heat sweetens those sugar canes on which the island's economy depends When I was born, the country was living off sugar cane plantation We saw a kind of a surge of interest from the early 2000s from China It shifted from China to India... ...leveraging on the fact that Mauritius is also known as Little India... ...or Chota Bharat, as we say And these countries do help us, be it China, be it India So it's helping the country to prosper But just beyond these pristine shores, military bases... ...on the Agalega Islands, a territory governed by Mauritius... ...India has constructed a new airstrip to land surveillance aircraft... ...in large part to track Chinese activity Meanwhile, Diego Garcia, another island Mauritius has sovereignty over... ...has proved strategic for US and UK military power... ...with a base there since the 1970s When powers become global, one thing they want to do... ...is kind of spec the globe with military bases to project power internationally And when you think about that kind of network... ...it's something that China is starting to set its sights on But China is not alone India's Agalega base signals a shift in its global ambitions too... ...driven by economic expansion and tensions with China India and China have had ties dating back millennia They had a brief period of friendship in the 1950s... ...but the two countries fought a border war in 1962 And the relationship honestly has never quite recovered It's characterised by deep mistrust, a deep sense of insecurity on Delhi's part And in fact, in 2020, the two countries fought a series of border skirmishes... ...which resulted in loss of life on both sides If the dispute between India and China was primarily land-based in the past... ...now both countries are thinking about how that extends into the maritime domain Four of the world's six most important maritime chokepoints are in the Indian Ocean... ...making it absolutely critical to global trade When you think about countries like India and China... ...the dependency is really quite startling India relies on the ocean for something like 95% of its international trade... ...80% of its energy In fact, 40% of the world's offshore petroleum is found in the Indian Ocean... ...and nearly half of oil products transiting through these chokepoints... ...are received by India and China When Beijing looks at its energy security, its ability to procure oil for example... ...it's very heavily dependent on the Middle East to some extent, Africa... ...and nearly all of that goes through this chokepoint called the Strait of Lacka Blocking any of these routes would have a huge impact on global trade... ...creating a potential flashpoint for conflict But China has seemingly been preparing As part of its Global Belt and Road Initiative... ...it has asserted its regional influence... ...with multi-billion-dollar infrastructure investments across the Indian Ocean You can see China's influence in infrastructure, the airport, the dam... ...the headquarters of the national radio TV station In Mauritius, they've also installed surveillance cameras... ...made by Chinese telecom giant Huawei You will find that all these projects are economic projects... ...which of course are welcomed by these countries Alongside its aggressive military build-up in the South China Sea... ...China is also extending its reach into the Indian Ocean Chinese warships have been sent on anti-piracy missions... ...and billions funnelled into 46 commercial ports... ...36 of which can host naval vessels On Africa's east coast, China built its first military base in Djibouti... ...and is expanding its naval footprint in Cambodia... ...giving it the potential to project power from both sides of the Indian Ocean The rate at which China is building ships, aircraft, missiles... ...you have actually a dramatic expansion of Chinese military power It's a growing concern for Indian policymakers... ...who know the Indian Ocean is more than just a trade route The idea that an external power... ...and these days it's increasingly Beijing that they're thinking of... ...could shut that down or somehow hinder it... ...is a really big threat to India's national security... ...and its hopes of rising As China pushes in, the power that has dominated... ...the Indian Ocean for decades is in retreat We have more breaking news on this Friday night Secretary of State Marco Rubio now ordering the US... ...to immediately stop almost all foreign aid and supplies... ...pending a review The US cuts to foreign assistance are like a gift to China The US had been investing aid in democracy promotion... ...protecting civil society, health, education, transparent economic development Now that many of those programmes have gone away... ...it really is allowing China an opportunity to come in and fill the gaps While the US still controls more military installations than any other nation... ...with about 750 across at least 80 countries... ...President Trump's foreign policy has meant scaling back... ...on global defence commitments And that puts more pressure on the US base on Diego Garcia... ...to counter China's growing presence This is the only base where the US has bombers in the Indo-Pacific region... ...aside from Guam And it's an area where countries like India... ...would not want the Chinese to get access and get a hold on As a result, India is flexing its military might Alongside the airstrip in Agalega... ...it has commissioned a new base on Minicoy Island... ...and opened its first offshore military logistics hub... ...at Dukhum Port in Oman It's also working harder to win hearts and minds around the Indian Ocean We are at the main metro station in Portlis, the capital The whole project has been funded through grants from India It showcases India's investment in a small island nation like Mauritius While China continues to dominate regional investment... ...not all of its projects have delivered See this picture?
船舶を追跡する地図を開き、インド洋を拡大し、ライブ追跡をオンにすると......世界貿易の重要な動脈が明らかになる。インド洋へのアクセスがなければ、ヨーロッパ、中東、アフリカ、アジア間の貿易は......基本的に停止する。インドにとって、インド洋は譲れない重要な航路であり、貿易とエネルギーのほぼすべてを運んでいる。インド洋はインドにちなんで命名されたため、インドの世界観にとって不可欠なものだ。米国と中国の競争は激化し、中国とインドもその中で影響力を争っている ドナルド・トランプ大統領の外交政策の転換は、こ
- The U.S. had been investing aid in democracy promotion, protecting civil society, health, education, transparent economic development.
アニー・ハサウェイ：ジェンダー平等への進歩（英語字幕） (ENGLISH SPEECH | ANNE HATHAWAY: Gender Equality Progress (English Subtitles))
- Governments, businesses and civil society can all play a role in this.
政府、企業、市民社会が、このすべてにおいて役割を果たすことができます。
- Governments, businesses, and civil society can all play a role in this.
不平等を蔓延させ続ける有害な現状を終わらせるために、緊急に行動しなければならない時です。
台湾の国民党議員解任選挙が失敗した理由 | ABC NEWS (Why Taiwan's recall election failed to oust opposition lawmakers | ABC NEWS)
- Civil society groups had driven what's called a recall vote, claiming the opposition, which has the majority in the parliament, had been blocking the president's agenda.
市民社会団体は、議会で多数を占める野党が大統領のアジェンダを妨害しているとして、リコール投票と呼ばれるものを推進していた。
- Civil society groups had driven what's called a recall vote, claiming the opposition, which has the majority in the parliament, had been blocking the president's agenda.
市民社会団体は、議会で多数を占める野党が大統領のアジェンダを妨害しているとして、リコール投票と呼ばれるものを推進していた。
なぜ台湾は「親中派」議員のリコールを試みたのか (Why Taiwan Just Tried to Recall “Pro-China” Lawmakers)
- These recall elections have been organised by civil society groups against the KMT, who are accused of selling Taiwan out to mainland China, and using their 52-seat plurality in the Taiwanese legislature to obstruct the agenda of Democratic Progressive Party President Lai Ching-te.
このリコール選挙は、台湾を中国本土に売り渡し、民進党の頼清徳主席の政策を妨害するために台湾議会の52議席の多数を利用したと非難されている国民党に反対する市民団体によって組織された。
- These recall elections have been organised by civil society groups against the KMT, who are accused of selling Taiwan out to mainland China and using their 52-seat plurality in the Taiwanese legislature to obstruct the agenda of Democratic Progressive Party President Lai Ching-te.
このリコール選挙は、台湾を中国本土に売り渡し、民進党の頼清徳主席の政策を妨害するために台湾議会の52議席の多数を利用したと非難されている国民党に反対する市民団体によって組織された。
バングラデシュの抗議者への正義を求める | DWニュース (Seeking justice for protesters in Bangladesh | DW News)
- And I think we also have to remember that it's not just what happened in July and August, but many years of gross human rights violations, disappearances, extrajudicial killings, arbitrary detentions and torture, and weaponization of the judiciary to bring false cases against members of the opposition and members of civil society.
また、7月と8月に起きたことだけでなく、長年にわたる重大な人権侵害、失踪、超法規的殺害、恣意的な拘留や拷問、野党メンバーや市民社会のメンバーに対する冤罪事件を起こすための司法の武器化があったことも忘れてはならないと思う。
- weaponization of the judiciary to bring false cases against members of the opposition and members of civil society.
第一段階として、アワミ連盟とその支持者が一歩前に出て、これまでの調査結果を認め、誠実に取り組む必要があると思う。
なぜゼレンスキー大統領は汚職防止改革で方針転換したのか | DW News (Why Zelenskyy reversed course on anti-corruption reform | DW News)
- They were made through multi-stakeholder processes that would involve international experts, civil society, and so on.
それらは、国際的な専門家や市民社会などが参加するマルチステークホルダー・プロセスを通じて行われた。
- They were made through kind of multi-stakeholder processes that would involve international experts, civil society, and so on.
捜査機関はNABU、検察機関はSAPOだ。
父はまだ生きている？亡命ベラルーシ人家族が直面する恐怖 | DW Reporter (Is Dad still alive? The fear facing Belarusian families in exile | DW Reporter)
- but it's huge work from democratic forces, our human rights defenders, diplomats, our civil society, not to let the world forget about political prisoners and do everything possible to release them.
ルカシェンコ政権に、体系的な政治的変化が可能になるまで圧力をかけ続けたいと考えています。
- it's huge work, you know, from democratic forces, our human rights defenders, diplomats, our civil society.
これは民主化勢力、人権擁護者、外交官、市民社会にとって、大変な仕事です。
ファリード・ザカリア氏、トランプ氏と核の安定崩壊について語る (Fareed Zakaria’s takes on Trump and the collapse of nuclear stability)
- Citizens could dissent, businesses could invest, and civil society could flourish because power was bounded by law.
権力が法によって制限されていたため、市民は反対意見を述べ、企業は投資し、市民社会は繁栄することができました。
- Citizens could dissent, businesses could invest, and civil society could flourish because power was bounded by law.
第二期トランプ政権は、これらの伝統を著しく損なう動きを見せています。
トランプ政権：従うか死か | AI医療アドバイス | CESのワーストガジェットベスト10 (Trump Admin: Obey Or Die | AI Health Advice | The Best Of The Worst Gadgets From CES)
- Now, while Donald Trump may be destroying civil society, his true passion is desecrating Washington architecture.
さて、ドナルド・トランプは市民社会を破壊しているかもしれませんが、彼の真の情熱はワシントンの建築物を冒涜することです。
- Now, while Donald Trump may be destroying civil society, his true passion is desecrating Washington architecture.
トランプ氏がホリデーでフロリダにいたとき、マール・ア・ラーゴ近くの石材輸入業者を訪れ、新しいホワイトハウスのボールルーム用の大理石を探したからです。
